Gardner ENGINES

[zb]
anorak:
You used the word “specific”, not me. Engineers would just quote BMEP (at a specified engine speed), or power/weight ratio. If you said, “specific power outputs [plural],” in a discussion about an engine, everyone would just say, “What do you mean, exactly?”

If you don’t know the peak BMEP of the Gardner engine, or that of any of its competitors, on what do you base the previous 101 pages of waffle? Surely, to spout such emphatic and lengthy opinions, one should first look at the torque curves and identify peak BMEP, then see how much reduced it is at other engine speeds, comparing the engines’ outputs at different speeds, before stating any opinion? They are your statements- you find the data to support them.

Make your mind up first you’re moaning because I’m talking about specific outputs in the plural then you’re saying that they need to be looked at over the whole curve at the different engine speeds. :unamused:

In the case of the Gardner it doesn’t take a genius or,as I’ve said,more than the average 11 year old,to understand that the specific outputs and therefore the BMEP,of a naturally aspirated Gardner engine,are zb compared to any of the successful turbocharged designs which were availabe at least during the 1970’s and probably even before in the case of the 14 Litre ■■■■■■■ or Detroit engines and that the thing is just a big boat anchor especially when the idea was taken to it’s logical conclusion with the 8 cylinder versions.Just a quick reference to their peak power output and capacity is sufficient to reach that conclusion

As history also shows Hugh Gardner’s engineering based assumption,that the basic design and DNA contained in his products,wouldn’t ever make a successful match with turbocharging,was absolutely correct unlike the situation with the Leyland 680 which DAF used to such great effect.

Which just leaves the question how is it that anyone can keep contradicting history by trying to turn a failure,which the Gardner engine design was,from at least the late 1960’s on,into a success.My theory is that it’s all about those typically backward thinking customers at the time,who continued to buy the thing well into the 1970’s,are still trying to justify their misunderstanding of basic engineering and therefore how to spec a truck.Bearing in mind that today no transport manager would even dream of putting a naturally aspirated engine,with Gardner type specific power and torque outputs,into a max weight truck.It’s just that the British customers took a ‘bit’ longer to come to their senses than those in most other markets.

But to my knowledge ‘engineers’ would just look at the torque curve and the engine capacity which,as I’ve said provides the specific torque outputs at the different engine speeds which directly corresponds with BMEP.Power figures can be directly related to torque figures by just reversing the torque to power conversion formula and just by factoring in the typical type of torque drop expected at peak power in which case as I’ve said it doesn’t take a genius to realise that the max BMEP figure of a Gardner 180,or 240,is zb all.

If you read my post, I was referring to the 1960s. I actually agreed that Gardner fell behind in the '70s. You still have not provided any numbers to back up your assertions. If you want to pretend you are an engineer, you must at least preesnt your arguments like one. BMEP for the three 1960s engines, please.

[zb]
anorak:
If you read my post, I was referring to the 1960s. I actually agreed that Gardner fell behind in the '70s. You still have not provided any numbers to back up your assertions. If you want to pretend you are an engineer, you must at least preesnt your arguments like one. BMEP for the three 1960s engines, please.

As I’ve said both the Detroit and ■■■■■■■ 14 litre engines were already proving themselves more than capable of being turbocharged at that time.As I’ve also said it really doesn’t take a genius to understand that the writing was on the wall for Gardner at least from that time on and the only thing that kept them afloat was the outdated backward thinking of the customers in the uk market.

As for my ‘assertions’ if I read it correctly it was your ‘assertion’,that specific power and torque outputs,are based on engine weight not capacity. :unamused:

Numbers.

In essence carryfast is right up until the mid to late 60s the Gardner was as good as anything on offer but the advent of the motorway age left there previously reliable economic engines behind. The later turbo engines Gardner produced should have been in production in the late 60s not the mid 80s.

[zb]
anorak:
Numbers.

180 Gardner.

Peak torque 562 lbs/ft divided by 10.45 litres = 53.7 lbs/ft per litre x 2.464 = 132.5 BMEP.

■■■■■■■ NTC 400.

Peak torque 1,250 lbs/ft divided by 14 Litres = 89.2 lbs/ft per litre x 2.464 = 219.9 BMEP.

:unamused:

kr79:
In essence carryfast is right up until the mid to late 60s the Gardner was as good as anything on offer but the advent of the motorway age left there previously reliable economic engines behind. The later turbo engines Gardner produced should have been in production in the late 60s not the mid 80s.

In the case of Gardner the issue wasn’t just one of ‘when’ they turbocharged their engines it was also,as Hugh Gardner rightly said,there was no way that the Gardner design would accept turbocharging and remain reliable.As Bewick seems to have shown (but he’ll never admit it :smiling_imp: :laughing: ) elsewhere the Leyland 680 was a far better bet as DAF proved. :bulb:

Cf- re the BMEP calculations:

  1. Almost there- now do the Leyland P680 and the original Volvo TD100A. The NTC400 was not sold in Europe, at least not for general haulage, mass-produced vehicles. A few NTC335s found their way into heavy haulage tractors, but most operators buying LXBs would consider the two above-mentioned engines as more comparable alternatives.
  2. You would have lost marks for not stating the units of BMEP. Bar is normal nowadays, IE since the 1960s, when the engines were built.

Other than that, well done. That was your best-ever post on the subject of lorry engines.

Lawrence Dunbar:
Well its not rocket science, the gardner powered wagon doing 65 mph would be flat out as well as any other wagon would be, Regards Larry.

Thats quite a statement from “CF” Larry “it sounds like bollox to ME” I suppose common sense does sound like bollox to the Great “CF”.I once bought a brand new ERF “A” series tractor from HLH of Norwich,and instead of sending me the one I thought I’d bought ( 6LXB/DB/2spd) they sent me a 6LXB/Fuller 609/Kirkstall D85,I decided to keep it but it only did about 53 flat out,so I sent it back to Middlewhich to have the Crown wheel and pinion changed for a higher ratio which gave it about 63 top wack,the foreman at ERF’s thought it was mad to gear this motor up,but I can tell you it was one of the best British motors we ran,we ran it on double shift for a few years and it was both economical and reliable.The 8 speed box,with a crawler was just right,far better than the DB/2speed alternative.So our friend “CF” can stick his theory up his jacksie,because I’m speaking from firsthand knowledge and not from something read in a book eh! Cheers Dennis.

Gardner 180 and ■■■■■■■ 400?

Why not compare the two direct competitors for the period? Gardner 6LXB and ■■■■■■■ NH 220. Trying to compare the 6lxb with a NTC400 is practically meaningless, one might just as well compare either with a Rolls Royce Merlin. It does of course make the argument look good superficially to see a huge difference in figures. If the NTC 400 had been available fitted to a 32 ton artic in period, the only ones likely to buy it would have been the " look at me and my willy" types.

The mindset of purchasers at the time was focused on payload and MPG, both of which were compromised by the more powerful machines. Let us not forget how popular the Volvo F86 was at the time. For many customers a potential time saving of maybe up to an hour per day wasn’t really that much incentive. There was still a lot of handball involved with loads, which were on flat trailers needing roping and sheeting which made up a significant part of the day. They knew the driver would waste half of any time saved, most vehicles were single shifted anyway and a lot of work was planned or only half planned as a day’s work. Having the vehicle back earlier didn’t necessarily mean that it would be doing an extra local load.

Ten out of Ten for a reasoned, constructive, concise and sensible summary.

I will stick my neck out and have a go at some of these calculations, since I have some old copies of Commercial Motor road tests from the 1970s and some manufacturer’s brochures from the same era. These are stashed away in inconvenient places, but I will over time attempt to find some more.

I have always been useless at maths, with probably the competence of a 10 year old. My abiding memory is of Venn diagrams and matrices and pointless questions like : " If Fred has 10 bananas and Jim has 11 apples, how many oranges has Bill got?"

It takes me a long, long time, following the examples in my old technical books, to understand where certain figures suddenly appear from. This is not something I do everyday, the last time being a very long time ago.

Since this data is in imperial units, I am not risking a mistake trying to convert to SI.

Unless otherwise stated all figures will be net to BSau141a and as published.

Edit:

PS and don’t you just love the way modern technology alters your layout.

So, using the formulae given:

■■■■■■■ NH 220 12.2 litre 215 bhp @ 2100 rpm peak torque 600 lbft @1550rpm

600 lbft / 12.2 litre = 49.18 lbft per lt x 2.464 = 121.17 BMEP

600 lbft x 1550 rpm = 930000 / 5250 =177.14 power output / 12.2 lt
=14.51bhp/lt

Gardner 6LXB 10.45 litre 183 bhp @ 1850 rpm peak torque 538 lbft @ 1100 rpm

538 lbft / 10.45 litre = 51.48 lbft per lt x 2.464 = 126.84 BMEP

538lbft x 1100 rpm =591800/ 5250 = 112.72 power output / 10.45lt

=10.78 bhp/lt

Cav youve got it spot on Mpg and payload as regards all the numbers and calculations don t really understand what everyone is torquing about .CROW.

geoffthecrowtaylor:
Cav youve got it spot on Mpg and payload as regards all the numbers and calculations don t really understand what everyone is torquing about .CROW.

I’ll take the blame for the gross overload of technicalities, but hard facts are the only way to expose the BS which has stained this thread. I would rather celebrate what was good about old things, rather than poke fun at them because they became out-of-date. In any case, the figures are good fodder for sensible discussion/comparison of the merits of the engines.

cav551:
I have always been useless at maths, with probably the competence of a 10 year old. My abiding memory is of Venn diagrams and matrices and pointless questions like : " If Fred has 10 bananas and Jim has 11 apples, how many oranges has Bill got?"

Full marks cav551. Straight, unarguable facts. Regarding your question, the general trend suggests that Bill has 12 oranges- am I right? :smiley:

No, sorry he’s only got 11, because Alice (WTF is Alice?) eat one of them!

I am having a trawl through my old Champion and Arnolds to see where the 5250 and the 2.464 come from, so far they seem to have the significance of grapefruit.

What seems rather strange is why I would really want to compare engine bhp per litre at peak torque speed.

cav551:
No, sorry he’s only got 11, because Alice (WTF is Alice?) eat one of them!

I am having a trawl through my old Champion and Arnolds to see where the 5250 and the 2.464 come from, so far they seem to have the significance of grapefruit.

What seems rather strange is why I would really want to compare engine bhp per litre at peak torque speed.

The 5250 and 2.464 are constants which one must use, when using Imperial units in the calculation. You don’t need to remember/forget any of this when using SI units (torque in Nm, capacity in m^3, pressure in N/m^2. 1bar is 10,000m^2). Here are the calculations explained:
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mean_effective_pressure
If you must use Imperial:
epi-eng.com/piston_engine_te … dstick.htm

BHP/litre indicates how powerful the engine is for its size- obvious. Nobody wants to run the engine at maximum revs all the time, so knowing the power at a more normal speed (peak torque or min sfc) gives an idea how good the engine will be. Using power as the yardstick, rather than torque, avoids tiresome calculations of gear ratios. You simply estimate the power required to overcome wind and rolling resistance, and what’s left over is available for acceleration or hillclimbing. If you know the gradient and the weight of the vehicle, you can then predict the maximum speed on the hill, assuming there’s a gear in the box which gives you that road speed at about the engine speed you prefer.

I was interested to see how the Gardner compared to its contemporaries- it seems from your calcs above, that the 6LXB has the measure of the Cu220 (in terms of BMEP or torque per litre), until the engine speed exceeds the Gardner’s rated maximum of 1850RPM. In other words, the ■■■■■■■■ extra 40BHP was achieved by the extra 2 litres capacity and 250RPM. . If both engines had the same capacity, and both were limited to 1850RPM (for the sake of economy and durability), the Gardner would be the more powerful.

The thing to remember is that no matter how much power an engine produces, it is how efficiently the engine produces it that makes it better than others, in which case the best engine is one where the torque rise and power produced meet at the lowest point of the SFC curve, that engine may not be the fastest, but it is the best design of them all :open_mouth:

cav551:
Gardner 180 and ■■■■■■■ 400?

Why not compare the two direct competitors for the period? Gardner 6LXB and ■■■■■■■ NH 220. Trying to compare the 6lxb with a NTC400 is practically meaningless, one might just as well compare either with a Rolls Royce Merlin. It does of course make the argument look good superficially to see a huge difference in figures. If the NTC 400 had been available fitted to a 32 ton artic in period, the only ones likely to buy it would have been the " look at me and my willy" types.

The mindset of purchasers at the time was focused on payload and MPG, both of which were compromised by the more powerful machines. Let us not forget how popular the Volvo F86 was at the time. For many customers a potential time saving of maybe up to an hour per day wasn’t really that much incentive. There was still a lot of handball involved with loads, which were on flat trailers needing roping and sheeting which made up a significant part of the day. They knew the driver would waste half of any time saved, most vehicles were single shifted anyway and a lot of work was planned or only half planned as a day’s work. Having the vehicle back earlier didn’t necessarily mean that it would be doing an extra local load.

It’s taken a while to be able to reply to that because for some reason the site got taken over and shut down :open_mouth: so it’s a mystery how all the posts got on here during that. :confused: :confused:

I actually worked in a fleet where both the DAF 2800 and Gardner 180 powered ERF and SA were bought new within around a year of each other during the late 1970’s for the tramping fleet and the trunking fleet respectively and both types were still in use well into the early 1980’s.

However fast forward to the mid 1980’s and it’s no surprise that at least one of those DAF 2800’s had ‘found’ it’s way off of the tramping fleet and onto the trunking fleet which by then had mostly been converted to the small engine fleet spec DAF 2300/2500.Although (I think) some of those old Gardner powered heaps were still being inflicted on some unfortunate drivers doing some short distance trunks (which is about all the things were really good for unless you wanted to be running out of driving time on a regular basis).The fact is your idea doesn’t look so good when it comes to having two fully freighted trailers at each end that need to be run from Feltham near Heathrow to/from either Leicester or Bristol in a single night shift using one unit and one driver.

In which case the Gardner powered heaps would either have been stuck out on the road somewhere with the driver run out of driving time or you would have needed two units and two drivers in which case you’d probably have not run out of driving time but the fuel and other costs figures don’t look so good in that case :bulb: .

On those jobs and the other long trunks even those early 1980’s 2300/2500’s couldn’t match the combination of journey times and fuel consumption that the 1978 DAF 2800 could manage let alone any of the ERF or SA Gardner 180 powered heaps that the guvnors,in their infinite wisdom,had wasted their money on during the late 1970’s and which by the mid 1980’s time were good for nothing much more than the job of yard shunter,unlike the DAF of the same age and there’s no reson to believe that a comparison with the ■■■■■■■ NTC 400 wouldn’t have been just as relevant during ‘that’ time ‘if’ the guvnors had ordered those SA’s and ERF’s with that motor instead of the Gardner. :bulb: :unamused:

OK C/f you dont rate the old Gardners, so what, who gives a ■■■■ what you say or think anyway, There is a lot of old hauliers like myself & plenty more before that who ran motors with Gardners in & ive yet to hear any comments from such quality operaters that worked hard & I mean bloody hard, & most likley before you were thought of, Speaking for myself & tghe family Haulge Co that we ran we earned enough money to retire to a very comfetable life as a result of having the pleasure of using Gardner Powered Wagons, something I dont think you have ever done. So go & ■■■■ your thumb., & think of something else to criticise, Regards Larry.

At the end of the day one can only speak about their own experiences and then express an opinion.

Despite my name on here (Gardner 120) I am not completely one eyed but suffice to say, Gardner engines served J. Haydon & Sons in ERFs very well from the late 60s to the mid 80s - many, many thousands of miles (yes, not all long motorway slogs) of good work.

Maybe other engines would have been better but I can only comment on what I know. No complaints from me (apart from a bit of smoke damage :smiley: )